Musculoskeletal health promotion starts at school

According to EU-OSHA, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in children and young people and young workers are worryingly high. Involving schools in occupational safety and health issues can help prevent this. Integrating safety and health in education is essential in developing a culture of prevention for students.

A new report offers approaches to ‘health-promoting schools’ and examples of good practices in Europe to get people moving and prevent MSDs. The report presents success factors and obstacles and examines how schools can contribute to long-term prevention early on.

Read the report Better Schools by Promoting Musculoskeletal Health

Learn more: 

Top Tips for Sit-Stand working – by Expert Veerle Hermans

Several types of research show a direct link to our sedentary lifestyle and health problems. Sitting for an extended time can be a direct cause of obesity, heart and cardiovascular diseases. 

Veerle Hermans explains in this video how to improve your working day by simply switching between working in a sitting position and a standing position. Make sure you have a good balance between sitting, standing and moving.
Veerle was a member of the BES committee for many years and served several times as president and secretary.
She passed away after a long illness.

WORK IN SCHOOLS DURING THE PANDEMIC AND A METHOD FOR CHILDREN TESTING ON COVID-19 VIRUS

Organization of work in schools during the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus directly depends on the number of students and teachers infected. Among health workers and especially in public, there has been a general belief that children below 18 years of age are not an endangered part of the population to Coronavirus. However, although it may be true, it is premature to make such a conclusion, because appropriate tests have
not supported it. 

The main reason is that a complete enigma is the population of children in schools who have not shown any symptoms, but are infected and can transmit the virus. Prof. Aleksandar Zunjic has published the paper
below in the IETI Transactions on Ergonomics and Safety journal and studies this
problem in detail and provides insight into many aspects of the effects of the
Coronavirus that are not obvious.

In conclusion, the paper proposes a new, fast and economically viable method for
testing students on the CVOVID-19 virus.

METHOD FOR CHILDREN TESTING ON COVID-1

IETI Transactions on Ergonomics and Safety special issue addresses COVID-19

Following the consistent striving of the FEES, IEA, and our ergonomics community on the prevention of the pandemic, we wish to inform you that recently has been published a special issue of the Following the consistent striving of the FEES, IEA, and our ergonomics community on prevention of the pandemic, we wish to inform you that recently has been published a special issue of the IETI Transactions on Ergonomics and Safety journal.

IETI Transactions on Ergonomics and Safety serves ergonomics in the limitation of virus spreading and alleviation of pandemic effects. 

This IETI Transactions on Ergonomics and Safety special issue addresses COVID-19 virus first in any international journal from the domain of ergonomics. Together with other exciting matters here, you can find why the role of ergonomics is essential when it comes to the prevention of spreading the COVID-19 virus at workplaces.

Webinar on telework

FFES Logo

We are in an extraordinary situation, and it will probably last a long time. We all have to think about the sustainability of our activities, the ones of our customers, of our colleagues,…

FFES Logo

We are in an extraordinary situation, and it will probably last a long time. We all have to think about the sustainability of our activities, the ones of our customers, of our colleagues,…

For any profession, Teleworking is a chance for continuity. But the rules, the requirements for such a situation are not so distinct. We have to consider the knowledge accumulated on this solution for several decades.

FEES is pleased to offer you a free webinar about practical aspects of teleworking :

  • What are the different aspects of managing?
  • What change in the relationships within teams?
  • What requirements for the equipment?
  • What available resources? (guidelines, advice,…)

This conference will be delivered in French firstly, and then we will reproduce it in English. The idea is to share the content with all countries, and give to each member the option to deliver it in his own language.

Associated with this webinar, we will deliver a set of documents about the topic. Besides, we will use your feedback to improve this summary and add them to the resources.

This first event begins on May 6th, 16h. It will last 40 minutes, including 20 minutes presentation and 20 minutes questions.

Just follow this link : https://us04web.zoom.us/j/71853888778?pwd=TFJySTBKMG1mR3owN0xRdU9QeEFrdz09

ID meeting : 718 5388
8778 

password : 027987

Origins of the Federation of European Ergonomics Societies

FEES LogoAfter a preparation period of more than 5 years, finally on 7th May 2003, FEES could celebrate its inauguration in Munich, Germany. By then twelve Federated Societies became a member of FEES. Early 2018 FEES counts twenty member societies (actual membership and useful information on FEES can be found at the FEES website.

The major objective for FEES is to enhance the recognition of ergonomics, contributing to economic development, to quality of life, to health and safety at work and to social progress in Europe. More specifically to support -under the umbrella of the International Ergonomics (IEA) – the development of ergonomics within the European region by enhanced mutual communication between various European Ergonomics societies, and by encouraging and facilitating contact and exchanges between ergonomists (educators, researchers and/or practitioners). One of the means to achieve these goals is the organization of European conferences about evolving ergonomics/human factors.

Of course FEES special attention is focused on the relevant policy and programs of the European Union (EU), for instance by assisting in the access to EU resources and facilities for ergonomists and their employers.

FEES is a network of the ergonomics societies in the geographical area called the Council of Europe. The governing body of FEES is the FEES Council consisting of representatives of its member societies. All major decisions are taken by the FEES Council, which meets at least once a year. The FEES Executive Committee executes the day-to-day administration.

The various activities of FEES cover for instance a website meant to facilitate cooperation and information exchange between members and to communicate externally. For the latter goal promotional materials have been developed. A sound achievement is the inventory and publication of ergonomics activity-centers throughout Europe in order to know “who is doing what and where”.

The establishment of the Brussels Task Force in 2005 aimed to promote Ergonomics/Human Factors at EU-organizations and their related bodies and to offer an outstanding ad hoc expertise concerning research, project evaluation, standardization and legislation. For this the first step was to get acquainted with the various EU-facilities, programs and initiatives, and to disseminate EU-information to the FEES-members. The taskforce acted as a working group of about ten people from different countries, having different capacities. Although these tasks had to be performed with volunteers, several good results could be achieved. By acting in Expert-groups in Brussels, FEES promoted and actively participated in the implementation of EU Framework Programs. FEES has a liaison status in the European Committee for Standardization TC 122 ‘Ergonomics’, and contributes to the creation and further development of the European Machine Directive and the Directive in the field of Personal Protective Equipment. FEES is also closely involved as Official Campaign Partner for Healthy Workplaces at the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work in Bilbao, Spain.

FEES supported the founding of new Ergonomics societies in Europe, for instance in Latvia, and to further development of existing societies by active exchange of information and experiences between the member societies.

Over the years workshops and symposia with a European character were organized, for instance in Brussels, San Gimignano, Stockholm, Budapest. In 2010 a very successful larger symposium was held in Brugge, Belgium under the title “Ergonomics in and for Europe”. Soon after this symposium the Brussels Taskforce stopped its activities. Kamiel Vanwonterghem, the leader till then, retired, and the amount of work made it impossible to find a new one.

Inspired by the US Human Factors and Ergonomics Society FEES decided in 2005 to organize every October the European month of Ergonomics. The goal was to trigger the knowledge, information and insight of ergonomics in the member countries. The good contacts between FEES and OSHA made a fruitful collaboration possible. Where FEES had ambitions but few financial resources, and OSHA had a budget but limited staff, the collaboration worked fine, despite the difference that OSHA is more focused on curation, where ergonomics basically a preventive discipline is. Through very motivated individuals like Martti Launis, the Month of Ergonomics has become a success, despite the fact that it is not taken up in all FEES member countries.

In 2012, at the Council held in Stockholm, a new team took the lead, with Sylvain Leduc as President, Pascal Etienne as Secretary General and Reinier Hoftijzer as Treasurer, the FEES website being reorganized and fed by Gyula Szabo, chair of the Communication and Promotion task group.

During these years, FEES organized several conferences or similar events, related to initiatives taken by member societies. For instance in 2013 in Munich, for the tenth anniversary of FEES. Besides several symposiums were held: one on the issue FEES foundation and development, cooperation between FEES and CREE, the future of FEES; another on the challenges of ergonomics in Europe; and one on the issue of the cooperation between ergonomists and other stakeholders with presentations on ergonomics and Personal Protective Equipment, on standardization, and on the activity of the European OSH Agency. In 2015, two symposia took place in Lisbon and in Paris on “ergonomics and creativity”, with the aim to give food for thought in order to prepare the IEA 20th Congress in Florence. And in November 2016 in Amersfoort, the Netherlands, a round table on “Ergonomics in design for all“ and a symposium on „Ergonomics and creativity” were held, jointly with the Human Factors NL, the Dutch society fo ergonomics.

At the June 2017 FEES Council, the rules of FEES were updated; the main change being the creation of the status of associated member, giving the opportunity to the Ergonomics society in United Kingdom (CIEHF) to become again part of FEES, as associated member. A new treasurer was elected: Pedro Ferreira.

During the year 2017, FEES was strongly involved in the preparation of the conference on “workers and creativity”, held in Brussels in June 2017, showing a cooperative process between the European Trade Union Institute (ETUI), the Belgium Ergonomic Society (BES), CREE and FEES with the support of IEA. Such a support is a first evidence of the mutual support decided by IEA and FEES, following the signature of a Memorandum Of Understanding between both associations in Florence at the end of March 2017.

The IEA and FEES Memorandum (see details on the FEES website) reflects the scope of both organizations: to raise awareness of the importance and benefits of HFE in organizations and societies, to develop and share common understanding of ergonomics. In the memorandum FEES and IEA agree to foster the development of ergonomics and ergonomic societies in Europe where it is necessary and expected by the local HFE professionals. FEES welcomes the IEA mandate to support the development of HFE in the periphery of Europe, (e.g. the Mediterranean border countries, the Middle East countries…) in co-operation and agreement with the regional concerned bodies (e.g., ERGOAFRICA), according to the needs expressed by the national societies (or individuals, if any), and/or the regional networks mentioned above, such in close co-operation with these networks. FEES is ready to contribute, at the request of the IEA executive, to the development of ergonomics in other countries or regions, where it is required.

The practical collaboration may take the form of the organization of joint meetings and seminars, promotion of outreach activities of Human Factors and Ergonomics, collaboration in the field of development, training/education and professional standards in Europe, publication of joint guidelines, position papers and related documents, collection of case studies published in cooperation with CREE.

Several initiatives have been taken by FEES-representatives showing the implementation of this Memorandum Of Understanding in order to develop ergonomics in various East European countries, such as the Baltic countries (Latvia and Lithuania), Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Romania. This illustrates the role of FEES in the support of initiatives from local/regional ergonomics communities, particularly in Central and Eastern European countries. FEES is committed and finds itself in a unique position to foster the growing European diversity in the field of ergonomics and human factors.

FEES promoted European-wide activities related with education, certification and accreditation in close cooperation with the Centre for Registration of European Ergonomists (CREE). Both bodies participate jointly in the development of the ergonomics profession in Europe: this includes the establishing of quality criteria for publishing case studies, providing information about ergonomics education and training in Europe and providing more support for newer societies in the form of experience exchanges.

This is a work for IEA History book, prepared by Peter Rookmaaker and Pascal Eitenne, the whole book edited by Ernst Koningsveld.

New ergonomics resources from EU-OSHA

EU-OSHAThe European Agency for Safety and Health at Work has several projects to prevent the negative effects of the work related musculoskeletal disorders (wMSDs). There’s a solid preparation for the related Healthy Workplaces 2020-2022 Campaign on wMSDs, and already some practical tools have been published.

EU-OSHAThe European Agency for Safety and Health at Work has several projects to prevent the negative effects of the work related musculoskeletal disorders (wMSDs). There’s a solid preparation for the related Healthy Workplaces 2020-2022 Campaign on wMSDs, and already some practical tools have been published.

A new guide

Healthy workers, thriving companies - a practical guide to wellbeing at work
The new “Healthy workers, thriving companies – a practical guide to wellbeing at work – Tackling psychosocial risks and musculoskeletal disorders in small businesses” provides simple explanations and features a selection of exercises that can be used to create meaningful and lasting improvements, for the benefit of workers and businesses.
This 102-pages guide presents a five-step approach to managing two fairly challenging occupational health issues that are common in workplaces: psychosocial risks — factors that can lead to stress and affect workers’ mental and physical health — and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The 5 steps are

  1. Preparation
  2. Assessing risks
  3. Action planning
  4. Taking action
  5. Evaluation

To download the guide go to EU-OSHA publications.

A new report

Foresight on new and emerging occupational safety and health risks associated with digitalisation by 2025In a new report, EU-OSHA publishes the findings of a major 2-year project to anticipate the effects of digitalisation on occupational safety and health (OSH) in the EU.
According to the Foresight on new and emerging occupational safety and health risks associated with digitalisation by 2025 report, psychosocial and organisational factors are likely to become more important as digitalised working drives changes such as increased workers monitoring, an assumption of 24/7 availability, more frequent job changes and the management of work and workers by algorithms. All this can raise levels of workers’ stress. Increased ergonomic risks, caused by human-machine interfaces and the growth in online, mobile working, and heightened cyber-security risks are also identified as likely outcomes of augmented digitalisation in the workplace.

The main ergonomics related challenges are

  • the increasing ergonomic risks due to the increase in online working and the use of mobile devices in non-office environments and
  • the risks associated with new human-machine interfaces, in particular related to ergonomics and cognitive load,
  • psychosocial and organisational factors that will become increasingly more important because of changes in the types of work available,
  • the pace of work; how, where and when it is done; and how it is managed and overseen.

To download the report go to EU-OSHA publications.

Bimingham meeting

Hilton Manchester Airport, UK

IEHFThe Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors is organising events answering the most recent safety related issues.

Human Factors in Nuclear Decommissioning

16 October 2017
Hilton Manchester Airport, UK

Britain today faces one of the most complex, long-term, environmental challenges – that of decommissioning 17 nuclear sites. It’s Europe’s largest remediation programme, and will take decades. In all, 10,000 plants and buildings will be demolished.

This work falls to the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) to organise and includes the first generation of Magnox power stations, various research and fuel facilities, and the largest, most complex site, Sellafield where all nuclear fuel reprocessing will end by 2020.

Work has already started and for the first time ever contaminated waste is being retrieved from the highest hazard facilities at Sellafield. At other sites, defueling – the removal of all nuclear fuel – will soon be completed.

This work involves some advanced machinery but mostly it involves people – 16,000 of them over the 17 sites. So, what are the human factors issues that need to be addressed in order to achieve the NDA’s objective? What skills can human factors practitioners bring to ensure these issues are investigated and dealt with effectively and sustainably?

The Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors is organising an event that concentrates on answering these questions. ‘Human Factors in Nuclear Decommissioning’ will take place on 16 October 2017 at the Hilton Manchester Airport, UK and will bring together regulators, consultants, site licence companies and anyone with an interest in decommissioning in high-hazard industries.

Speakers will discuss human factors challenges and opportunities across all areas of decommissioning, from setting out safety cases to dealing with radiological hazards through protective equipment.

For more details visit http://events.ergonomics.org.uk/event/human-factors-in-nuclear-decommissioning/.

Human Factors in Aviation Safety

13-14 November 2017
Hilton London Gatwick Airport, UK

The BBC reported recently that air traffic controllers expect to manage a record 770,000 flights in UK airspace over the summer – 40,000 more than last year. The report also announced that the government is launching a consultation process to shape the UK’s aviation industry for the next 30 years. See http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-40669144. The consultation will include 6 themes, one of which is safety and security, and another is innovation, technology and skills. Both of these themes will be discussed in detail at the ‘Human Factors in Aviation Safety’ event in November, organised by the Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors.

The programme for this two-day event includes presentations, posters and discussions covering human performance, adaptive automation, remote operations, fatigue and maintenance. The question we will look to answer is: How do we improve human performance in today’s aviation business?

This event sponsored by Sponsore by NATS

Representatives from airlines, air traffic control organisations, industry regulators and investigators, consultants and the major university research groups will be taking part, examining a range of human factors issues in aviation safety in both the military and commercial sectors

‘Human Factors in Aviation Safety’ will take place on 13-14 November 2017 at the Hilton London Gatwick Hotel at Gatwick Airport’s South Terminal, also the terminus for the 30 minute Gatwick Express rail service from London Victoria.

See the full programme and all details about how to book at http://events.ergonomics.org.uk/event/human-factors-in-aviation-safety-3/

Endorsed by FEES

These events are endorsed by the Federation of European Ergonomics Societies. FEES members are welcome to attend this event at a 20% discount off standard delegate rates. Use code FEES20 to obtain your discount when you register.

Ergonomics education, training and courses

CREEThe Federation of European Ergonomist Societies (FEES) and the Centre of Regi

CREEThe Federation of European Ergonomist Societies (FEES) and the Centre of Registration of European Ergonomist (CREE) are often asked where people can get training to be an ergonomist. Some countries have courses in ergonomics that completely cover all of the educational requirements for CREE registration. It is also possible to do courses that largely cover the educational requirements and to make up for the deficits by doing shorter courses or taking modules at other institutions. CREE accepts training that has been put together from studies at a number of institutions; however, they should all be at university or college level.

The courses in the following list have been recommended by the national societies as offering most or all of the components that are part of the minimum requirements for registration. CREE does not certify courses and cannot guarantee the content or continuation of any course, as this is at the discretion of the institutions that offer the courses. You should check with the course supervisors to find out how well the course matches the CREE requirements (and if it is still available). The course supervisors are also generally able to offer advice about additional courses that you may need to do to reach the CREE minimum educational criteria.

CREE does not endorse these courses or profit from providing this information. There is no guarantee that the information for any country is complete. If you are offering a course and feel that it is suitable for listing on this website, please contact the CREE representative for your area (see list on CREE website under “About CREE”) https://www.eurerg.eu/about-cree/.

Belgium
Advanced Master in Risk Management and Well-Being in the Workplace (option Ergonomics)
(Master complémentaire conjoint en gestion des risques et bien être, option Ergonomie) (French)
Consortium of 4 French Universities: ULg-ULB-UCL-UMH Link
Specialization module, level 1, ergonomics
(Specialisatiemodule level 1 – Ergonomie) (Flemmish)
Odisee, campus Brussel link
Finland (Finnish)
Bachelor of Health Sciences (ergonomics) University of Eastern Finland (UEF)
Information in English: Link
Head of Course: Kimmo Räsänen
Master of Health Sciences (ergonomics) University of Eastern Finland (UEF) Link
Head of Course: Kimmo Räsänen
France (French)
Professional Masters Degree in Social movements, work and organisations.
(Psychologie/Spécialité Dynamiques sociales, Travail et Organsations)
University of Picardie Jules Verne Link
Master of Occupational Psychology Ergonomics
(Psychologie du travail ; Management des organisations, évaluation et ergonomie)
University Lille 3 Link
Professional Master 1 and 2 in Health Engineering
(Ingénierie de la Santé)
University of Law and Health Lille 2 Link
Master 1 and 2: Ergnomics, work, education, daily life
(Ergonomie, travail, formation, vie quotidienne)
University of Paris 8 Link
Master 1 and 2: Work and Development. Specialty Ergonomics
(Travail et Développement: Spécialité Ergonomie)
Cnam : Paris, Toulouse, Nantes, Aix, Caen Link
Master 1 and 2 : Occupational psychology, ergonomics and orientation
(Pschologie de Travail, Ergonomie et Orientation)
University of Paris West Nanterre-La Défense Link
Professional Master 2: Ergonomics, Organisation and Workplace
(Ergonomie, Organisation et Espace du Travail)
University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne Link
Professional Master 1 and 2: Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering
(Ergonomie et Ingénierie Facteurs Humains)
University of Paris Descartes Link
Master 1 and 2: Health Engineering
(Ingénierie de la santé)
University of Paris South Link
Master 1 and 2: Psychology, Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering
(Psychologie, Ergonomie et Ingénierie des Facteurs Humains)
University of Lorraine – Metz Link
Professional Master 1 and 2: Cognitive sciences and ergonomics
(Sciences cognitives et ergonomie)
University of Bordeaux Link
Master 1 and 2: Body experience and ergonomics
(Expérience corporelle et ergonomie)
Blaise Pascal University Clermond-Ferrand Link
Professional Master 2 and Research Masters University of Lumiere Lyon 2: Institute of Work Studies Link
Master 1 and 2: Ergonomics University of Champollion, Albi Link
Master 1 and 2: Ergonomics University of Toulouse Jean Jaurès Link
Master 1 and 2: Ergonomics, Cognitive technical Innovations and Human Factors
(Ergonomie Cognitive Innovations technologiques et Facteur Humain)
University of Toulouse Jean Jaurès Link
Professional Master and Research Master
(Ergonomie: facteurs humains et ingénierie des systems d’information)
Univerisity of Aix-Marseille Link
Germany (German)
Master of Human Factors Engineering Technical University of Munich
Information in English: Link
Head of Course: Klaus Bengler
Italy (Italian)
Diploma in Ergonomics Bologna – INAIL
Master in Ergonomics University of Naples
Academic Master in Ergonomics Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Link
Bachelor in Ergonomics in Design Milan Polytechnic University
Bachelor in Ergonomics in Design University of Florence
Bachelor in Applied Psychology University of Turin
Vocational Master in Ergonomics Società Italiana di Ergonomia Link
Latvia (Latvian)
Master of Labour protection and Expertise University of Latvia
Bachelor of Safety Engineering Riga Technical University
Portugal (Portugese)
Master in Ergonomics Lisbon University
Information in English: Link
Head of Course: Catarina Silva
Bachelor of Ergonomics Lisbon University
Information in English: Link
Head of Course: José Carvalhais
Sweden (Swedish)
Affiliation discipline for Master and Bachelor courses: Engineering University of Gothenborg
Affiliation discipline for Master and Bachelor courses: Engineering University of Luleå
Affiliation discipline for Master and Bachelor courses: Engineering University of Lund
Affiliation discipline for Master and Bachelor courses: Engineering University of Linköping
Master’s programme in Technology, Work and Health KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm Link
United Kingdom (English)
See also the list of CIEHF accredited courses Link
BSc User Centred Design Loughborough University
Link
MSc Health Ergonomics University of Derby Link
(offered through online/distance learning)
MSc Ergonomics (Human Factors) University of Derby Link
(offered through online/distance learning)
MSc Ergonomics and Organisational Behaviour University of Derby Link
(offered through online/distance learning)
MSc Human-Computer Interaction with Ergonomics University College London Link
MSc Ergonomics and Human Factors Loughborough University Link
MSc Ergonomics for Health Professionals Loughborough University Link
MSc Human Factors in Transport Loughborough University Link
MSc Human Factors for Inclusive Design Loughborough University Link
MSc Human Factors Heriot-Watt University Link
(including a distance learning option)
MSc Human Factors and Ergonomics University of Nottingham Link
MSc Applied Ergonomics and Human Factors University of Nottingham Link
(offered through online/distance learning)

Developing professional competencies and learning from experience

SAFERA SAF€RA is a partnership between 19 research funding organizations from 10 European countries who collaborate on research programming and launch joint calls in the field of industrial safety. It prolongs the work developed in the SAF€RA ERA-NET, which was funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration.

SAFERA SAF€RA is a partnership between 19 research funding organizations from 10 European countries who collaborate on research programming and launch joint calls in the field of industrial safety. It prolongs the work developed in the SAF€RA ERA-NET, which was funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration.

The 3rd SAFERA call contains human factors related research questions e.g.

  • What is the relative effectiveness of the methods for developing
    professional competencies and skills, in particular concerning their safety impact? What
    relevant metrics can be proposed?
  • What key factors can improve the effectiveness of these methods for developing
    professional knowledge and competencies?
  • Which new mechanisms and procedures for learning in industrial safety, including serious
    games, simulator-based techniques, e-learning platforms, debriefings, storytelling and
    “enriched learning from experience” can be proposed? What are the strengths and
    weaknesses of different approaches in developing knowledge, skills and competencies?
  • Do managers appreciate the importance of debate within a work group or community of
    practice for the development of knowledge and skills, and hence for safety? How can this
    bottom-up “invisible work” be made more visible and better integrated with the top-down
    dimensions of safety management?
  • Can new types of training, based on discussion concerning situated work activities, the
    risks of specific tasks and the possible conflicts between safety procedures and work
    situations, be proposed and tested?
  • Is there potential to learn more from success (and not only from failures) and to share this
    learning within work groups and communities of practice?

The following types of research are expected:

  • case studies which analyze existing practices and highlight their key features and obstacles to
    their application elsewhere;
  • development and evaluation of new approaches to develop professional skills and
    competencies;
  • exploratory studies (appreciative inquiries).

For details please visit http://call.safera.eu/2016/).